Submucosa (Restore, DePuy, and Surgisis, Cook Biotech) were provided as surgical mesh materials for general surgery, woundĬare, and orthopedic soft tissue applications. Decellularized forms of human dermis (AlloDerm, LifeCell) and porcine small intestinal Was not introduced until the early 1990s. 1975), the production of such materials explicitly for the purpose of recellularization, remodeling, and functional tissue reconstruction On the allogeneic and xenogeneic cell component and the associated adverse immune response, the limited number of allogeneicĭonors, the devascularized state of free autografts, and the associated morbidity of the donor site with autologous grafts.Īlthough the concept of cell removal from various tissues with retention of the ECM had been described as early as 1975 ( Meezan et al. The obvious limitations of these graft materials include the foreign antigens present 1992), and cornea ( Tsai and Tseng 1994), among other clinical applications. 1978 Peters 1980), the anterior cruciate ligament ( Indelicato et al. 1984), coronary arteries and peripheral vessels ( Tice et al. 2015), or the entire ECM itself.Ĭell-laden autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic tissues have been used as viable grafts and transplants for heart valves 2015), and chitosan, among others ( Rodriguez-Vazquez et al. Such as collagen ( Glowacki and Mizuno 2008), laminin ( Iorio et al. Alternatively, scaffolds can be composed of naturally occurring materials that are components of extracellular matrix (ECM) 2015) or the polyglactin 910 used in the production of the Vicryl Mesh for ventral hernia repair ( Levasseur et al. Such scaffolds canīe synthetic in nature, such as the polylactic glycolic acid (PLGA) used in the production of the Dermagraft skin substitute Involve the in vitro and/or in vivo use of a scaffold material to support cell delivery and/or growth. ![]() Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies for tissue and organ reconstruction/replacement vary widely but typically ![]() The methods by which ECM biologic scaffolds are prepared, the current understanding of in vivo scaffold remodeling, and theĪssociated clinical outcomes are discussed in this article. ![]() Placement and modulation of the innate immune response, specifically the activation of an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. Outcomes include release or creation of effector molecules that recruit endogenous stem/progenitor cells to the site of scaffold The mechanisms by which these bioscaffolds facilitate constructive remodeling and favorable clinical Of the cellular content from source tissues while preserving the structural and functional molecular units of the remainingĮxtracellular matrix (ECM). These naturally occurring bioscaffolds are manufactured by the removal Biologic scaffold materials composed of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix are commonly used for the repair andįunctional reconstruction of injured and missing tissues.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |